ROSACEA
Rosacea is a chronic skin condition that causes a red, papular and/or pustular rash on the central face. Rosacea is more common in fair skinned, middle-aged people of Celtic or Scandinavian ancestry. The etiology of rosacea is multifactorial and includes genetics, vascular and inflammatory elements, environmental factors and years of excessive UV radiation (sunlight) exposure. It is also theorized that mites, called Demodex, may play a role as they are often observed in biopsies of rosacea.
SYMPTOMS
Rosacea typically presents with red papules and pustules on the central face (nose, cheeks, chin). While it resembles acne, in rosacea there is an absence of open comedones, cysts or nodules. In addition, rosacea causes erythema in the form of broken blood vessels, called telangiectasias, and flushing which is exacerbated by alcohol, hot or spicy food and sunlight. One may also have, dry, sensitive facial skin that becomes inflamed and stings from various topical creams and make-up. Rosacea can also affect the eyes. Patients with ocular rosacea will complain of a persistent dry or gritty feeling in their eyes.
TREATMENTS
Treatment of rosacea includes preventative measures such as reducing sun and heat exposure, avoiding triggers such as hot, spicy foods, alcohol and certain cosmetics. Topical treatments for rosacea include sunscreen and certain medications such as metronidazole and azelaic acid creams which are anti-inflammatory. Topical ivermectin kills Demodex mites and also has anti-inflammatory properties. Topical calcineuron inhibitors, such as Elidel and Protopic, are also effective anti-inflammatory agents. Systemic treatments include intermittent courses of tetracycline antibiotics (tetracycline, doxycycline and minocycline). In more severe or refractory cases, a course of Accutane will help immensely.
Dermatology
*This webpage is for informational purposes and is not intended to be, and should not be relied upon as, medical advice. Any medical concerns should be addressed with a physician.